Displaying results 577 - 584 of 618
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Prospective Outbreak Detection in Pets as a Sentinel Indicator for Outbreaks in Humans
Content Type: Abstract
Sixty-one percent of known disease-causing agents that infect humans can also infect animals [1]. While humans are the primary reservoir for only 3% of zoonoses, detection of zoonotic disease outbreaks remains mostly dependant on the identification… read more… was accompanied by marked increases in emergency room visits of people with GI-associated chief complaints and … -
Rapid Identification of Pneumonias in BioSense Data Using Radiology Text Reports
Content Type: Abstract
BioSense currently receives demographic and chief complaint data from more than 360 hospitals and text radiology reports from 36 hospitals. Detection of pneumonia is an important as several Category A bioterrorism diseases as well as avian influenza… read more… reports of chest X-rays performed for 42,510 hospital visits (which corresponds to 34,883 patients) and the … -
Automated Information Integration from Heterogeneous Data Sources: A Semantic Web Approach
Content Type: Abstract
Integration of information from multiple disparate and heterogeneous sources is a labor and resource intensive task. Heterogeneity can come about in the way data is represented or in the meaning of data in different contexts. Semantic Web… read more… and medical records entries from emergency department visits, a combination of struc- tured, semi-structured and … -
Hybrid Probabilistic Modeling and Automated Data Fusion for Biosurveillance Applications
Content Type: Abstract
The increased threat of bioterrorism and naturally occurring diseases, such as pandemic influenza, continually forces public health authorities to review methods for evaluating data and reports. The objective of bio-surveillance is to automatically… read more… chief complaints, ICD-9 diagnosis codes, physician office visits, and pharmacy data. In addition, information such as … -
Improving Rabies Surveillance Using Syndromic Data
Content Type: Abstract
In order to assess the use of rabies post-exposure prophylaxis in Indiana, the Communicable Disease Reporting Rule, adopted October 11, 2000, requires the reporting of rabies PEP administration. Indiana is a “home rule” state; that is to say, local… read more… query feature to search for rabies related patient visits. However, a more automated method was desired that … -
Modeling Clinician Detection Time of a Disease Outbreak Due to Inhalational Anthrax
Content Type: Abstract
We developed a probabilistic model of how clinicians are expected to detect a disease outbreak due to an outdoor release of anthrax spores, when the clinicians only have access to traditional clinical information (e.g., no computer-based alerts). We… read more… is only seen by a health care provider once (no return visits) and each clinician diagnoses a given case of IA … -
ROC Curves in Public Health Surveillance: A First Step in Cost-Benefit Analysis
Content Type: Abstract
Our purpose was to develop an ROC curve for public health surveillance similar to those used in diagnostic testing. We developed syndrome surveillance algorithms with differing sensitivity and specificity in detecting the seasonal influenza (ILI)… read more… RESULTS There were over 500,000 patient emergency visits available for analysis in years 2000-2004. Age- Group … -
Early Aberration Reporting System (EARS) update: present and future
Content Type: Abstract
Early Aberration Reporting System (EARS, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, EARS Program, MS C-18, Atlanta, GA, USA) is a freeware surveillance tool that can be downloaded from the Center for Disease Control and… read more… baseline/comparison period, an adjustment for total visits (or other denominator), and an option for stratifying …