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  • Content Type: Abstract

    Adverse childhood experiences are childhood traumas which influence the developing child and derail healthy developmental processes. The developing child attempt to cope by adopting health risk behaviors such as smoking which has been associated… read more
    … has been associated with adverse health outcomes which may not be apparent until many years after exposure.1,2 … has been associated with adverse health outcomes which may not be apparent until many years after exposure.1,2 …