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Displaying results 1 - 8 of 10
  • Empirical/Asymptotic P-Values for Monte Carlo-Based Hypothesis Testing: An Application to Cluster Detection Using the Scan Statistic

    Content Type: Abstract

    SaTScan is a freely available software that uses the scan statistic to detect clusters in space, time or space-time. SaTScan uses Monte Carlo hypothesis testing in order to produce a p-value for the null hypothesis that no… read more
    … to gener- ate each p-value while still retaining enough preci- sion in the p-value to determine how unusual a clus- … Communications in Sta- tistics: Theory and Methods, 1997. 26: p. 1481-1496. [3] Gumbel, EJ, Statistics of Extremes. …
  • Telephone Triage Data for Detection of Influenza-like Illness

    Content Type: Abstract

    National surveillance is used to detect the emergence and spread of influenza virus variants and to monitor influenza-related morbidity and mortality. Nurse telephone triage (“call”) data may serve as a useful complement to… read more
    … and mortality. Nurse telephone triage (“call”) data may serve as a useful complement to traditional influenza … on number of influenza isolates and percentage of total visits to sentinel providers for influenza-like illness were … [2] Henry JV, Magruder S, Snyder M. Comparison of office visit and nurse advice hotline data for syndromic …
  • Nurse Call Data for Detection of Influenza-Like Illness

    Content Type: Abstract

    Influenza affects millions of people and causes about 36,000 deaths in the United States each winter. Pandemics of influenza emerge at irregular intervals. National influenza surveillance is used to detect the emergence and spread of influenza virus… read more
    … such data for influenza-like illness (ILI) surveillance may lead to earlier detection of ILI in the community, both … data on number of influenza isolates and percentage of visits for ILI from sentinel providers were com- pared to rolling, seven-day totals of calls for ILI and …
  • Clustering under the Null: One Reason for Too Many Signals

    Content Type: Abstract

    I examine the nature and expression of the null hypothesis often used in spatial surveillance. I also show an example of how incorrect specification of the null can lead to excess signals without interesting outbreaks, and argue that this may be a… read more
    … without interesting outbreaks, and argue that this may be a cause of excess signals when using spatial … without interesting outbreaks, and ar- gue that this may be a cause of excess signals when us- ing spatial … burden of false alarms.” [1] Reasons excess signals may occur include differentially missing or delayed data and …
  • A Comparison of Ambulatory Care and Emergency Department Encounters as Data Sources for Detection of Clusters of Lower Gastrointestinal Illness

    Content Type: Abstract

    We sought to compare ambulatory care (AC) and emergency department (ED) data for the detection of clusters of lower gastrointestinal illness, using AC and ED data and AC+ED data combined, from two geographically separate health plans participating… read more
    … For each data stream— AC, ED, and AC+ED combined—repeat visits were omitted if they occurred within 6 weeks of a previous visit to the same setting for LGI. Generalized linear mixed …
  • in silico Surveillance: Using Detailed Computer Simulations to Develop and Evaluate Outbreak Detection

    Content Type: Abstract

    Developing and evaluating outbreak detection is challenging for many reasons.  A central difficulty is that the data the detection algorithms are “trained” on are often relatively short historical samples and thus do not represent the full… read more
    … Once developed, the same dearth of historical data com- plicates evaluation. In systems where only a count of … digital representa- tions, of every person. These agents visit specific loca- tions throughout the area of study and … in realistic urban social networks. Nature. 2004 May 13;429(6988):180-4. Further Information: Bryan Lewis, …
  • in silico Surveillance: Highly detailed agent-based models for surveillance system evaluation and design

    Content Type: Abstract

    Modern public health surveillance systems have great potential for improving public health. However, evaluating the performance of surveillance systems is challenging because examples of baseline disease distribution in the population are limited to… read more
    … seeking behavior and a surveillance system for outpatient visits. The resulting in silico surveil- lance data contain … specified surveillance system create a data stream of ILI visits. Outbreaks of influenza are artificially inserted … ehtj11115 ehtj11120 ehtj11024 ehtj11060 ehtj11110 26-50 ehtj11034 ehtj11198 ehtj11174 ehtj11048 ehtj11154 …
  • Comparing the Utility of Ambulatory Care and Emergency Room Data for Disease Outbreak Detection

    Content Type: Abstract

    To compare the ability to detect disease outbreaks of separate and combined data streams from ambulatory care and emergency department from Harvard Pilgrim Health Care.
    … made among them. Alternatively, these data sources can be com- bined in order to generate a common sequence of … sources of data can be correlated since individuals may seek care in a variety of settings, including hospital … The x-coordinates represent the day of the signals and y- coordinate the associated Recurrence Interval. …