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One Health

Description

AMR has been identified as a global threat to public health. Resistant bacteria and associated genes can move within and between populations of people and animals, making AMR a very complex and contentious issue. Credible, multi-sectoral surveillance data provide information to promote prudent AMU in hospitals, the community, and agriculture.

Objective

The objective of the Canadian Integrated Program for Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance (CIPARS) is to provide a unified approach to monitor national trends in antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and antimicrobial use (AMU) in humans and animals and to facilitate the assessment of the public health impact of antimicrobial use.

Submitted by Magou on
Description

As interest in One Health (OH) continues to grow, alternative surveillance infrastructure may be needed to support it. Since most population health surveillance is domain specific; as opposed to OH which crosses multiple domains, changes to surveillance infrastructure may be required to optimize OH practice. For change to occur there must be a strong motivation that propagates from a perceived need. Since the purpose of surveillance is to produce information to support decision making, the motivation for change should relate to a lack of surveillance information needed to make OH decisions, or a gap in the surveillance infrastructure required to produce the information.

Objective

The primary purpose of this study was to explore the attitudes of surveillance stakeholders from different domains to:

-determine whether there is a perceived need for OHS

-identify significant surveillance gaps

-assess the motivation to change (fill the gaps)

A secondary purpose was to gather a group of surveillance stakeholders to identify and prioritize strategies to move One Health Surveillance forward.

Submitted by teresa.hamby@d… on

WHO designated yellow fever as an endemic disease in Ethiopia in the early 1950s. Yellow fever, a zoonotic hemorrhagic fever disease (sylvatic and urban types), are endemic in Ethiopia due to its geographical location and climatic conditions favoring Aedes sp. mosquito. The mosquito vector were found to exist throughout the country up to 2,000 m in altitude. We conducted an outbreak investigation in Jink, a town surrounded by forest inhabited by many primates (monkeys).

Submitted by uysz on

Kyasannur Forest Disease (KFD) is a tick borne viral disease first reported in Shimoga district of Karnataka, India. On January 6th 2015, the disease has spread to neighbouring state, Kerala and a forest guard from Sulthan Bathery, Wayanad who had disposed the monkey carcass was succumbed to the disease following confirmation of the disease from Manipal institute of virology. Spot surveillance of the area by Health department revealed 15 more fever cases among women working as fire line workers. Out of these twelve cases were confirmed to be KFD.

Submitted by uysz on

The emergence of the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus (MERS-CoV) in 2012 had placed a great concern on the public health institutions globally and in particular in the Arab region. The gaps in knowledge related to the novel virus put the healthcare systems in Qatar and the entire region in critical position amid growing concerns that this virus might take a deadly pattern. As the second reported case in Qatar had a documented relationship with animals, veterinary and environmental health sectors were invited to join the national outbreak control taskforce.

Submitted by uysz on

A mobile phone-based surveillance system to support the rabies control program is currently in use across southern Tanzania and was implemented in Pemba since 2011. The system allows for near real-time reporting of information on: patients with animal bites reporting to health facilities that provide post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) to prevent rabies; suspected rabid animal cases submitted by livestock field officers (LFOs); and details of mass dog vaccination campaigns coordinated through each district livestock office.

Submitted by uysz on

H5N1 virus occurs mainly in birds. It is highly contagious and deadly among them. However, transmission in human is rare. The first and only confirmed case of human infection with avian influenza H5N1 virus in Nigeria was in 2006. Sporadic infection among poultry has been occurring in Nigeria with yearly estimated loss of millions of Dollars. Six Local Government Areas of Oyo State, Nigeria reported confirmed cases of H5N1 among birds. Affected birds were culled and human avian influenza surveillance was instituted.

Submitted by uysz on

Cyanobacteria and marine algae are ubiquitous in the earth's freshwaters and oceans. Under the right circumstances, these organisms can proliferate, causing harmful algal blooms (HABs) which may produce toxins that threaten human and animal health as well as local and regional ecology. Animals may play in, swim in, or drink from ponds and lakes that have extensive blooms, even if the water bodies smell or look unpleasant to people; the first warning that a toxin-producing HAB exists may come from the death of a pet dog or livestock.

Submitted by uysz on

Food safety is a global issue with diverse challenges along various critical points in the food production chain. In India, food safety programs including establishment of surveillance programs and quantitative approaches through integration of various scientific disciplines, streamlined data collection, and analyses were still limited and inconsistently applied. There was need to build capacity of public health workforce in the areas of food surveillance, food borne disease surveillance, incident reporting, investigation of an outbreak and inspection.

Submitted by uysz on

The multiple forms of Human African Trypanosomiasis (human T.b. gambiense and zoonotic T.b. rhodesiense, as well as the several strains which cause disease in animals) that occur in Uganda make coordinating the scientific and developmental, human and animal, social and economic systems influencing their control particularly complex. Uganda is one of the only countries in Africa that has experienced largescale, debilitating outbreaks of HAT, and co-ordinated major control programmes.

Submitted by uysz on