School-based influenza surveillance has been considered for real-time monitoring of influenza, as children 5-17 years old play an important role in community-level transmission.
Objective
To determine if all-cause and cause-specific school absences improve predictions of virologically confirmed influenza in the community.
Despite the significance of disease reporting to any health system, Grenada like most countries struggle with underreporting of notifiable diseases by physicians. In order to improve the national disease surveillance system in Grenada, it is critical understand the reasons for any underreporting. The study was conducted to determine physicians’ knowledge of notifiable reporting and to identify the barriers to reporting.
Objective
The study was carried out to determine physicians’ knowledge of notifiable reporting and to identify the barriers to reporting in Grenada
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a zoonotic, protozoal infection that is endemic in Georgia, which commonly affects young children. In recent years, the incidence of VL has increased sharply and the geographic distribution has increased. Recently, VL moved to highly populated areas as new foci appeared from 2010-2015, during which, 610 laboratory confirmed cases of VL were registered in Georgia. The majority of cases were found in East Georgia (94.2%) and 5.8% of cases in West Georgia (representing new foci of VL in Georgia).
Objective
The purpose of this study was to describe the epidemiology of visceral leishmaniasis in Georgia and to define new control measures.
Newcastle disease (ND) is the most important infectious viral disease of poultry. The world-wide economic loss from it is 2-3 billion USD per year. ND is reportable to the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE). ND is caused by virulent strains of avian Paramyxoviruses belonging to type 1. Industrial poultry farming is rapidly developing in Ukraine. Ornithological fauna of Ukraine includes about four hundred species of birds, 207 of which nest within its borders. The territory of Ukraine transits 3 out of 14 transcontinental global migration flows. The wild birds are the main natural reservoir of ND agents. It is necessary to control the intensity of post-vaccination immunity in poultry and the timing of revaccinations. OIE recommends enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) and HI test for these purposes. However, it should be noted that HI test, possessing high specificity and sensitivity, is much cheaper. Therefore, it is the excellent means for ND timely surveillance.
Objective
A test kit for the detection of antibodies to Newcastle disease virus (NDV) based on haemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay has been developed and introduced into practice for the first time in Ukraine.
Please join ISDS and CDC for an information webinar related to syndromic surveillance of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) in the US.On May 2, 2014, the first U.S. imported case of MERS was confirmed in Indiana. Guidance was recently distributed for users of various syndromic surveillance systems to report conditions related to MERS to the CDC using the template developed (the guidance can be found by scrolling down to the MERS folder at this link).
ISDS Conference Call to discuss surveillance for severe respiratory illness / Enterovirus D68. This call will be an opportunity for syndromic surveillance practitioners to share their experiences conducting their contribution to surveillance for Enterovirus D68.
Discussion topics will include, but not be limited to, the following:
- Which syndromes are being used for surveillance of this issue? Respiratory? Asthma? ILI? Others?
- Are admissions being tracked?
- What age groups, if any, are being used?
The mortality monitoring system (initiated in 2009 during the influenza A(H1N1) pandemic) is a collaboration between the Centre for Infectious Disease Control (CIb) and Statistics Netherlands. The system monitors nation-wide reported number of deaths (population size 2014: 16.8 million) from all causes, as cause of death information is not available real-time. Data is received from Statistics Netherlands by weekly emails.
Objective
Weekly numbers of deaths are monitored to increase the capacity to deal with both expected and unusual (disease) events such as pandemic influenza, other infections and non-infectious incidents. The monitoring information can potentially be used to detect, track and estimate the impact of an outbreak or incident on all-cause mortality.
The first travel-associated cases of Zika virus infection in New York City (NYC) were identified in January 2016. Local transmission of Zika virus from imported cases is possible due to presence of Aedes albopictus mosquitos. Timely detection of local Zika virus transmission could inform public health interventions and mitigate additional spread of illness. Daily emergency department (ED) visit surveillance to detect individual cases and spatio-temporal clusters of locally-acquired Zika virus disease was initiated in June 2016.
Objective
Case and cluster identification of emergency department visits related to local transmission of Zika virus.
The early detection of outbreaks of diseases is one of the most challenging objectives of epidemiological surveillance systems. In order to achieve this goal, the primary foundation is using those big surveillance data for understanding and controlling the spatiotemporal variability of disease through populations. Typically, public health’s surveillance system would generate data with the big data characteristics of high volume, velocity, and variety. One common question of big data analysis is most of the data have the multilevel or hierarchy structure, in other word the big data are non-independent. Traditional multilevel or hierarchical model can only deal with 2 or 3 hierarchical data structure, which bound health big data further research for modeling, forecast and early-warning in the public health surveillance, in particular involving complex spatial and temporal variability of Infectious Diseases in the reality.
Objective
The purpose of this article was to quantitative analyses the spatial variability and temporal variability of influenza like illness (ILI) by a three-level Poisson model, which means to explain the spatial and temporal level effects by introducing the random effects.
Global targets for elimination of human rabies mediated by dogs have been set for 2030. In the Americas countries are progressing towards interruption of transmission and declaration of rabies freedom1. Guidance for managing elimination programmes to ensure continued progress during the endgame is critical, yet often limited and lacking in specific recommendations. Characteristic spatiotemporal incidence patterns are indicative of progress, and through their identification, tailored guidance can be provided.
Objective
To provide surveillance tools to support policymakers and practitioners to identify epidemiological situations and inform the progressive implementation of rabies elimination programmes.