Presenters
Susan Robinson, Vaccine-Preventable Disease Epidemiologist, Arizona Department of Health Services
Erica Weis, Injury Prevention Epidemiologist, Arizona Department of Health Services
Background
Chronic Disease or Injury
Description
It is well known that diabetic patients are particularly sensitive to infections however no robust diagnostic test for the early detection of infection has been developed to date. Glucose levels would be an ideal indicator, since diabetics measure their blood glucose (BG) on a daily basis along with insulin intake. At the same time some computerized systems have been developed that collect BG values using sensors and transmit them to a central data repository, such as the Electronic Healthcare Record. Acute infection often results in hyperglycemia, due to release of regulatory hormones and pro-inflammatory cytokines as evidenced by studies on hospitalized patients. Nevertheless the underlying mechanisms of infection-related stress hyperglycemia are not fully understood.
Objective
The aim of the study is to assess the correlation between blood glucose levels and infection and to propose the development of a model for the early detection of infections in diabetics.
Referenced File
Access to dental care is a public health problem in Idaho because most of the state is experiencing a shortage of dental health professionals. The Idaho Oral Health program has anecdotal evidence that some Idahoans compensate for this shortage by seeking dental care in emergency departments (EDs). Although ED use for dental care caused by oral trauma can be expected, and is appropriate, the use of EDs for non-traumatic dental care may indicate use of the wrong resources. EDs generally provide only palliative care for oral problems (e.g., antibiotics and pain medication).
In 2015, Idaho was among the top 10 states for suicides in the United States. Suicide as the cause of death for teens and young adults in Idaho was exceeded only by accidental deaths. On average, one suicide death occurred among all ages every day. 1 Among the seven Idaho local public health districts, Panhandle Health District (PHD1) in northern Idaho had the highest suicide rate, at 28 deaths per 100,000 population.
Presented November 8, 2018.
The data and program leads from Public Health – Seattle & King County’s firearm data team will discuss how their local health department produces and analyzes some of the best available firearm injury prevention data in the country, including information from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Survey (BRFSS) firearm module. We will describe how our data have been used in community, policy, and health care settings and discuss relevant lessons learned.
Presenters
This fact sheet, developed by the Network for Public Health Law and published August 29, 2018, summarizes Ohio's laws to combat the opioid overdose crisis.
Read more about this resource at https://www.networkforphl.org/resources_collection/2018/08/29/1027/naloxone_access_and_overdose_good_samaritan_law_in_ohio?blm_aid=193546.
Description
The U.S. Surgeon General's 2008 Call to Action to Prevent Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) and Pulmonary Embolism (PE) raised the importance of conducting surveillance for VTE. VTE comprises PE and DVT and collectively is responsible for estimated 350,000-900,000 events and 100,000-300,000 deaths annually in the U.S. However, these estimates are uncertain because no current surveillance is conducted for VTE and thus are derived from cohort studies in selected counties (which often lack racial diversity typical of the U.S.) and then generalized to the U.S population. These estimates are also limited by an inability to differentiate between incident and recurrent events and provoked and non-provoked events. In addition, non-hospitalized patients have not been included in some of these estimates. With the availability of non-invasive and highly sensitive and specific diagnostic procedures of computed tomography (CT) for PE and compression ultrasound (CUS) for DVT, and the implementation of electronic health records, the time is right to establish a surveillance system for VTE events.
Objective
The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center (OUHSC) is collaborating with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to establish a pilot system to inform future scaled-up national surveillance for Venous Thromboembolism (VTE).
Description
In Tanzania, cancer is recognized as a serious health care problem (ORCI, 2008) and is one of the major causes of mortality, morbidity, and disease burden. Tanzania with a population of 42.5 million people, it was estimated that 21,000 new cancer cases occur each year (Ferlay et al., 2008), out of this only 10% of these new cases manage to get proper care and treatment (MEWATA, 2008). Breast cancer is an issue of public health concern in Tanzania (MEWATA, 2008). It ranks third after cancer of the cervix and kaposis sarcoma and it accounts 9.3% of all cancers seen at Ocean Road Cancer Institute (ORCI). The Ocean Road Cancer Institute (ORCI) and Muhimbili National Hospital (MNH) are the health facilities which receive cancer patients from all over Tanzania. From the Newly diagnosed cancer, Less than 10% of patients are able to go for treatment at ORCI, and of this population 80% arrive when the cancer is too far advanced to treat effectively (Walker, 2007). Hence this paper focuses on factors which contributing to the delay of breast cancer patients to seek treatment at the tertiary hospitals after being diagnosed.
Objective
To explore factors associated with delay in seeking referral for cancer treatment among breast cancer patients
Description
The variation in prevalence rates of ASD across different states may either indicate true differences across states or represent an artifact of case identification. Specification of the evaluative process by which cases are coded is necessary when comparing the ASD prevalence rates across states and provides insight awareness when evaluating for differences in ASD occurrences.
Objective
To define whether use of different coding systems for state birth defects surveillance systems influenced prevalence rates of Atrial Septal Defects (ASD) reported between 2005 and 2009 in the United States
Description
Cervical cancer is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality among women in developing countries and the second most common cancer in women in Nigeria. Most studies on knowledge of cervical cancer, cervical cancer screening services and precancerous cervical changes in Nigeria are facility based, hence the need for a population based study.
Objective
This study set out to determine the knowledge of cervical cancer, utilization of cervical cancer screening services and predictors of precancerous cervical changes among sexually active women in Lagos, Nigeria.