Veterinary

EIDSS supports collection and analysis of epidemiological, clinical and laboratory information on infectious diseases in medical, veterinary and environmental sectors. At this moment the system is deployed in Kazakhstan at 150 sites (planned 271) in the veterinary surveillance and at 8 sites (planned 23) in human surveillance. The system enforces the one-health concept and provides capacity to improve surveillance and response to infectious disease including especially dangerous like CCHF. EIDSS has been in development since 2005 and is a free-of-charge tool with plans for open-source development. The system development is based on expertise of a number of US and international experts including CDC, WRAIR, USAMRIID, et al.

Objective:

The objective of this demonstration is to show conference attendees how one-health surveillance in medical, veterinary and environmental sectors can be improved with Electronic Integrated Disease Surveillance System (EIDSS) using CCHF as an example from Kazakhstan.

 

Meat inspection data are routinely collected over several years providing the possibility to use historical data for constructing a baseline model defining the expected normal behaviour of the indicator monitored. In countries in which the reporting of data is compulsory (e.g. in the EU), coverage of the majority of the slaughtered population is ensured.

Objective

We evaluate the performance of the improved Farrington algorithm for the detection of simulated outbreaks in meat inspection data.

 

To describe an R package that was designed to provide ready implementation of veterinary syndromic surveillance systems, from classified data to the generation of alerts and an html interface.

Introduction

Introduction

The field of veterinary syndromic surveillance (VSS) is developing fast, with countries exploring a great variety of data sources. After implementing two VSS systems we have demonstrated that the steps from classified data to full system implementation can be streamlined, and published a guideline for implementation. All the steps described have been made available in an R package (https:// github.com/nandadorea/vetsyn). We aim to demonstrate the utility and potential of this streamlined approach.

The Risk Identification Unit (RIU) of the US Dept. of Agriculture’s Center for Epidemiology and Animal Health (CEAH) conducts weekly surveillance of national livestock health data and routine coordination with agricultural stakeholders. In an initiative to increase the monitored species, health issues, and data sources, CEAH epidemiologists are building a surveillance system based on weekly counts of laboratory test orders along with Colorado State Univ. laboratorians and statistical analysts from the Johns Hopkins Univ. Applied Physics Lab. Initial efforts used 12 years of equine test records from 3 state labs covering most Colorado horse testing. Trial syndrome groups were formed based on RIU experience and published articles. Data analysis, stakeholder input, and discovery of laboratory workflow details were needed to modify these groups and filter test records to eliminate alerting bias. Customized statistical monitoring methods were sought based on specialized lab information characteristics and on likely presentation and health significance of syndrome-associated diseases.

Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is a cutaneous disease of livestock caused by a DNA-containing virus belonging to Poxviridae family called Lumpy Skin Disease Virus (LSDV). Another name of the virus is Neethling. The disease is characterized mainly by fever, and lesions appearing on the skin. The incubation period is 6-9 days. Mortality of the disease is about 10%, however, secondary infection of lesions can increase the mortality rate. LSD was first recorded in Zambia, South Africa, then spread to Sudan, Nigeria and European countries. According to information provided by OIE, LSD outbreaks also have spread in Middle Eastern countries including Turkey, where it has been considered endemic since 2007-2008. An outbreak of LSD was also reported in Iran in 2013-2014.

Signs of LSD in Azerbaijan were recorded for the first time in the Region (rayon) of Bilasuvar in May of 2014 and reported to OIE. LSD was quickly suspected, as Bilasuvar neighbors Iran which had recently reported LSD. The same clinical signs were subsequently recorded in cattle in the regions of Jalilabad, Aghdash and Udjar. Some of the cases resulted in death. A PCR assay was set up in the Republican Veterinary Laboratory in Azerbaijan in order to test livestock samples for the disease while an epizootological study was conducted to determine the extent of disease spread within the three affected rayons.

Rabies is a zoonotic disease of high public health importance. There have been documented reports of rabies in vaccinated dogs. Rabies is enzootic in domestic dogs in Nigeria. Hence, annual vaccination campaigns of dogs are advocated with the aim of rabies elimination. Vaccination status, type of vaccination and the immunogenicity of the various rabies vaccines used in Abuja Nigeria has not been studied. To date, no effective medical therapy has been established for rabies. Most human rabies deaths occur in the developing countries and though effective and economical control measures are available their application in developing countries is hampered by a range of economic, social and political factors. It is widely recognized that the number of deaths officially reported in most developing countries greatly underestimates the true incidence of disease, with several factors contributing to widespread underreporting. Preventive vaccination against rabies virus is a highly effective method for preventing rabies in humans and animals but do people vaccinate and how long does the immunity conferred by the vaccine remain protective in the dogs in Abuja. Rabies has high financial expenditure burden on any country where it is endemic mainly associated with costs incurred on post-exposure prophylaxis (determined by the type of vaccine, vaccine regimen and route of administration as well as the type of immunoglobulin used).

Objective

To determine the vaccination status of owned dogs, assess the rabies antibody titre of vaccinated dogs and risk factors associated with vaccination of dogs in Abuja, Nigeria.

Rabies is endemic in Georgia with up to 100 confirmed cases in animals per year. There is an estimated 350,000 domestic and stray dogs/cats in Georgia. The prophylactic vaccination of domestic animals against rabies was reestablished in Georgia in 2013. Each year since 2013, coverage has increased aiming to cover approximately 70% of the total population of dogs/cats in Georgia.

Objective

The objective of this survey was to study vaccination coverage and quality in dogs in Georgia through the detection of post-vaccination antibodies.