Skip to main content

Surveillance Systems

Description

AMR has been identified as a global threat to public health. Resistant bacteria and associated genes can move within and between populations of people and animals, making AMR a very complex and contentious issue. Credible, multi-sectoral surveillance data provide information to promote prudent AMU in hospitals, the community, and agriculture.

Objective

The objective of the Canadian Integrated Program for Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance (CIPARS) is to provide a unified approach to monitor national trends in antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and antimicrobial use (AMU) in humans and animals and to facilitate the assessment of the public health impact of antimicrobial use.

Submitted by Magou on
Description

As interest in One Health (OH) continues to grow, alternative surveillance infrastructure may be needed to support it. Since most population health surveillance is domain specific; as opposed to OH which crosses multiple domains, changes to surveillance infrastructure may be required to optimize OH practice. For change to occur there must be a strong motivation that propagates from a perceived need. Since the purpose of surveillance is to produce information to support decision making, the motivation for change should relate to a lack of surveillance information needed to make OH decisions, or a gap in the surveillance infrastructure required to produce the information.

Objective

The primary purpose of this study was to explore the attitudes of surveillance stakeholders from different domains to:

-determine whether there is a perceived need for OHS

-identify significant surveillance gaps

-assess the motivation to change (fill the gaps)

A secondary purpose was to gather a group of surveillance stakeholders to identify and prioritize strategies to move One Health Surveillance forward.

Submitted by teresa.hamby@d… on
Description

H7N9 virus emerged in Eastern China in March 2013, which led to >550 human cases and >200 deaths in 2 years. Live poultry markets (LPMs) are considered as a major source of human H7N9 infections. In late 2013, the virus had spread to the southern provinces including Guangdong. Its provincial capital Guangzhou, detected its first local H7N9 human case in mid-January 2014 and reaching 10 cases in a month. As a response, Guangzhou government announced a two-week city-wide market closure, banning trading and storing of live poultry. Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention took this opportunity to establish enhanced surveillance on top of the existing routine LPM surveillance, to assess the impact of such on H7N9 viral isolation and survival.

Objective

This study assessed the effect of disinfection and closing live poultry markets in China on avian influenza A(H7N9) virus detection and viability in a natural setting. We characterized virus detection at different sampling sites to assess exposure risk to the general public and live poultry traders.

Submitted by teresa.hamby@d… on
Description

Effective infectious disease public health surveillance systems are often lacking in resource poor settings. In response, the World Health Organization (WHO) put forword recommnded standards for public health surveillence.[1] Following the recommendations, the WHO Regional Office for Africa (AFRO) in 1998 proposed the Integrated Dieases Surveillance and Response (IDSR) strategy for the prompt detection and response to key communicable diseases in the African region.[2,3] In 2003, Cameroon adopted the IDSR-strategy to fortify surveillance in the country. We describe cholera surveillance within IDSR-strategy, and assess whether its goal of data analysis and rapid response at the district level have been met.

Objective

To describe cholera public health surveillance systems in Cameroon within its hierarchical health system

 

Submitted by Magou on
Description

In India the range and burden of infectious diseases is enormous. To address this burden effectively, an estimate of the burden of infectious diseases is essential. The present study aims to analyze data from the Integrated Disease Surveillance Project (ISDP) to estimate the rates of selected infectious diseases in the state of Maharashtra in comparison to the rest of India.

Objective

The present study aims to analyze data from the Integrated Disease Surveillance Project (ISDP) to estimate the rates of selected infectious diseases in the state of Maharashtra in comparison to the rest of India.

Submitted by Magou on
Description

Deterioration of socio-economic conditions in Ukraine created a threat of the spread of communicable diseases, including vaccine preventable diseases. Children in Ukraine routinely receive two doses of the measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine according to the national immunization schedule. Measles is targeted for elimination in Ukraine. But now Ukraine crisis carries significant public health risk and requires changing tactics of surveillance and epidemiological control against measles.

Objective

To estimate the current measles situation in the Kharkiv oblast (eastern region of Ukraine) and to develop ways of improving the surveillance and control of measles in elimination phase during the crisis in Ukraine.

Submitted by teresa.hamby@d… on
Description

One of ASTHO’s key goals is to help its jurisdictions meet member needs for technical assistance, including making informed decisions about their syndromic surveillance options. To help them make such decisions, ASTHO worked with Booz Allen to create a decision analysis model, which factors in both a Value of Information (VOI) model and a Return on Investment (ROI) model. The model provides a dashboard of its outputs, which is a simple, easy-to-understand comparative view of multiple syndromic surveillance investment scenarios.

Objective

Provide a demonstration of the recently developed prototype decision analysis model for syndromic surveillance investments. The roundtable will be used to discuss the model, obtain feedback on its usefulness, and brainstorm future uses and improvements.

Submitted by teresa.hamby@d… on
Description

Public health practitioners endeavor to expand and refine their syndromic and other advanced surveillance systems that are designed to supplement their existing laboratory testing and disease surveillance toolkit. While much of the development and widespread implementation of these systems had been supported by public health preparedness funding, the reduction of these monies has greatly constrained the ability of public health agencies to staff and maintain these systems. The appearance of H3N2v and other novel influenza A viruses required agencies to carefully identify which systems provide the most cost-effective data to support their public health practice. Recent Enterovirus D68 outbreaks, along with the global emergence of influenza A (H7N9), the global emergence of influenza A (H7N9), Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV), Ebola virus strains, and other viruses associated with high mortality, emphasize the importance of maintaining vigilance for the presence of emerging disease.

Objective

To identify and characterize challenges experienced by public health practitioners conducting surveillance for the presence of influenza, novel respiratory diseases, and globally emerging viruses in an era of limited resources.

Submitted by teresa.hamby@d… on
Description

The October 2010 eruption of Mt Merapi (the most active volcano in the Indonesia that erupts at 5-years intervals) claimed 141 lives, injured 453 people and displaced at least 278,000 people. This geological event became a disaster as national and international agencies had to step in to assist the Yogyakarta Province and Sleman District Administrations in dealing with the devastation caused by the pyroclastic flows. Because of its cyclic nature the task of the local governments is to improve the hazard mitigation system and to increase the resiliency of the population.

On 22 July 2013 the Volcano spewed ash clouds and people of two villages of the Cangkringan Sub-District evacuated themselves to the local village halls. The hazards posed by the ash clouds of the volcano and by the displacement of vulnerable populations, did cause certain physical and emotional sufferings, but could be controlled by the local administration.

Objective

To examine whether the danger zone District Health Office (DHO) and sub-district Health Centers (HCs) were employing an inter-disaster Public Health Surveillance-Response (PH S-R) System after the October 2010 Mt Merapi eruption and a pre-disaster PH S-R System during the July 2013 Mt Merapi eruption.

Submitted by teresa.hamby@d… on
Description

A major drawback in disability prevention and rehabilitation in Sri Lanka is the lack of complete, accurate and timely data. National disability surveys conducted as a part of the decennial census lack complete and scientifically accurate information. Further, Sri Lanka has no established disability surveillance system. This review was conducted to explore the national disability data and to develop a methodology for the establishment of a disability surveillance system in Sri Lanka.

Objective

To review the national disability statistics and to develop a methodology for the establishment of a national disability surveillance system in Sri Lanka.

Submitted by teresa.hamby@d… on