Climate Change

Influenza causes a significant burden to the world every year. In the temperate zone, influenza usually prevalent in the winter season, however, it is hardly predictable when the influenza epidemic will begin and when the peak activity will come. Influenza has a peak in early winter sometimes and a peak in late winter in another year. However, it is not well known what determines these epidemics timing, and the global climate change is expected to influence the timing of influenza epidemics.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the effects of El NiÃno and La Nina events on the timing of influenza A peak activity in European countries.

This paper assesses the possible interest of using of a syndromic surveillance system based on emergency departments (ED) and crude mortality for monitoring health effects of climate changes (CC).

The scientific community accepts that global climate change (CC) will affect the dispersion of microbial organisms in the environment. Risks posed by the transport of these organisms to future communities may be very different than those posed today. A shift in health risks may also be linked to climate driven land-use change, which may alter both microbial loadings to receiving waters and human exposure pathways. Uncertainty surrounding microbial fate and transport renders the assessment of CC effects on waterborne pathogens complex and difficult to forecast.

Objective

To use watershed modeling to predict the impacts of future climate change and land management scenarios on microbial water quality.