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Animal Health

Antibiotic resistance is an emerging public health concern and the scientific community recognizes the need to evaluate its epidemiology. Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are a key to this problem. Often found in the natural flora of the skin, nose and mouth of humans and animals, these bacteria can cause both minor skin infections and serious diseases that can result in death. Apart from the hospital concern, this bacterium is becoming increasingly common in infections associated to both human and animal communities with high rates of antibiotic resistance.

Submitted by uysz on

The past decade has seen the rise of many new diseases, and the re-emergence of others which were thought to have been brought under control. This is the combined result of the expansion of global trade and travel, the increases in populations of both humans and animals, and environmental changes. As a result, there should be an effective collaboration among different institutions in each country, and close international cooperation with different stakeholders. The MBDS (Mekong Basin Disease Surveillance) cooperation is a self-organized sub-regional network commenced in 2001.

Submitted by uysz on
Description

The majority of farmed animals are sent to slaughterhouses, making them a focal point for potential collection of health data. However, these data are not always available to health officials, and remain under-used for cattle health monitoring. Meat inspection data are mainly non-diagnostic (condemned portion and reasons for condemnation) and cover a large population. These characteristics make them a good candidate for syndromic surveillance. Whole carcass condemnation rate is linked to acute infections which reduces the dilution bias due to the variable period of time between cattle infection and the detection of lesions at the slaughterhouse.

Objective

The objective of the work was to assess the performance of several algorithms for outbreak detection based on weekly proportions of whole carcass condemnation

Submitted by teresa.hamby@d… on

Cysticercosis is a frequent health problem in developing countries. The disease is due to infection by Taenia solium larvae and is predominant in areas where pigs and humans cohabite. Inappropriate breeding conditions and poor hygiene especially inadequate disposal or management of faeces are factors responsible of disease's transmission. In human, there are various clinical manifestations but the neurological involvement is particular severe as it frequently causes epilepsy which has an important socio economic impact among communities.

Submitted by uysz on

Early detection of diseases in animal populations is key to protecting the health of companion animals and livestock. Safeguarding the health of animals aims at protecting human populations from diseases that are transmissible from animals to humans (zoonotic diseases), guaranteeing the safety of food products, and avoiding economical losses and food supply shortages due to loss of livestock.

CEDESAP-REDesastres was developed as a result of the holistic approach needed to cope increases of sanitary disaster risks by emerging and reemerging diseases animal and plant diseases with high negative impact on human health, as well as other challenges as consequences of the human activity and climate change upon the pathogen-environment interactions.

Submitted by uysz on

Zoonotic diseases constitute about 70% of the emerging or reemerging diseases in the world; they affect many animals, cause many economic loses, and have a negative effect on public health. As a tropical country, Cuba is not exempt from the occurrence of this type of illness. There are many risk factors present such as climate change, natural disasters, bird migrations, vector species, the entry of Cuban travelers into endemic areas, the increase of commercial and touristic exchange, and the increase of agricultural activities including animals raised in urban areas.

Submitted by uysz on

Timely outbreak response requires effective early warning and surveillance systems. This investigation points out the important role that livestock keepers can play in veterinary surveillance. The investigation revealed that pastoralists had good traditional knowledge concerning livestock diseases in general and anthrax in particular. They provided detailed and accurate clinical descriptions of the disease, had greater appreciation of the risk factors associated with the disease, and showed a stronger recall of the outbreak history.

Submitted by uysz on

On 3rd of June, 2010 a sick dog was presented to an Animal Welfare Agency. Biliary treatment unsuccessful and the dog was euthanased and tested positive for Rabies on FAT. In this mixed rural urban area of South Africa Rabies is an occasional disease usually related to a sylvatic/mongoose biotype. Within 2 weeks another 2 cases were confirmed in dogs in a 3 km radius of the index case. A single fatal human case was diagnosed in a young girl in October 2010. Eventually 53 cases were reported in the following domestic dogs (46), Bovine (3), Mongoose (2), genet (1) and domestic cat (1).

Submitted by uysz on