This study analyzes the critical tracing fraction (fc) to eliminate diseases like rubella when both asymptomatic and symptomatic cases are considered.
Infectious Disease
The purpose of this study was to compare the 2005- 2006 and 2006-2007 Influenza seasons using Influenza-like illness (ILI) data received from Emergency Departments in Miami-Dade County.
To determine the feasibility of using BioSense laboratory data to do surveillance on Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) and calculate overall and facility rates of disease.
A retrospective chart review was performed to examine chief complaint, syndrome classification and discharge diagnoses of laboratory confirmed Salmonella Enteritidis phage type (PT) 13 cases who visited the Emergency Departments (ED) of two local hospitals during a province-wide outbreak in Ontario in the fall of 2005. This assessment was used to assess the sensitivity of the ED syn-dromic surveillance system to detect a local foodborne outbreak, and to modify syndrome classification.
To measure the impact, within administrative geographic areas, of household income on rates of visits due influenza and RSV among children using real-time syndromic surveillance.
In some influenza seasons, morbidity and mortality closely follow the expected seasonal variation. In these years, approaches such as SerflingÃs model and seasonal-based syndromic outbreak detectors, in use in EARS, work well. In other years, though, short but intense variations occur in addition to the longer term seasonal variation. These intense outbreaks, which are often multimodal, have important implications for both syndromic surveillance and influenza epidemiology. Unfortunately, they are both difficult to characterize and poorly understood. In this paper, we apply techniques from time-frequency distribution theory to identify the temporal location, duration, and amplitude of intense outbreaks occurring in the presence of longer time scale variations.
The objective of this work was to elucidate clinical features for distinguishing inhalational anthrax (IA) from ED patients.
Learn about a highly infectious resistant tuberculosis outbreak among recent immigrants & the multijurisdictional public health response. Recognize basics about tuberculosis & anticipate difficulties with immigrants and resistant strains. Enhance epidemiologic response and treatment of tuberculosis that emerged across borders requiring coordinated response from employers, government, and individuals.
Epidemiologists, public health agencies and scientists increasingly augment traditional surveillance systems with alternative data sources such as, digital surveillance systems utilizing news reports and social media, over-the-counter medication sales, and school absenteeism. Similar to school absenteeism, an increase in reservation cancellations could serve as an early indicator of social disruption including a major public health event. In this study, we evaluated whether a rise in restaurant table availabilities could be associated with an increase in disease incidence.
Objective
The objective of this study is to evaluate whether trends in online restaurant table reservations can be used as an early indicator for a disease outbreak.
Research has shown that Canadian First Nation (FN) populations were disproportionately affected by the 2009 H1N1 influenza pan- demic. However, the mechanisms for the disproportionate outcomes are not well understood. Possibilities such as healthcare access, in- frastructure and housing issues, and pre-existing comorbidities have been suggested. We estimated the odds of hospitalization and inten- sive care unit admission for cases of H1N1 influenza among FN liv- ing in Manitoba, Canada, to determine the effect of location of residency and other factors on disease outcomes during the 2009 H1N1 pandemic.
Objective
We sought to measure from surveillance data the effect of prox- imity to an urban centre (rurality) and other risk factors, (e.g., age, residency on a FN reservation, and pandemic wave) on hospitaliza- tion and intensive care unit admission for severe influenza.
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