Globally, road traffic crashes (RTCs) annually kill 1.3 million people and injure 20-50 million others. Nigeria accounts for an estimated 15% of RTC deaths in the WHO African Region.
Objective: This study aimed to describe RTC characteristics and trends in Nigeria and determine progress towards halving RTC-related deaths/injuries by 2020 [i.e., Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) Target 3.6].
Rabies is a zoonotic, neglected viral disease. Every 10 minutes, the world loses a life, especially children, to dog-mediated rabies. Yet it is 100% preventable. Africa, including Nigeria, has major share of the disease. Eradication of human rabies relies majorly on control of rabies in animals and this cannot be achieved without good surveillance system of the disease in animal, especially dogs. There is little or no information as to whether the surveillance system in Nigeria is effective.
Objective: The objectives of this study are to evaluate the current animal rabies surveillance system in the state and suggest recommendations.
Cervical cancer is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality among women in developing countries and the second most common cancer in women in Nigeria. Most studies on knowledge of cervical cancer, cervical cancer screening services and precancerous cervical changes in Nigeria are facility based, hence the need for a population based study.
Objective
This study set out to determine the knowledge of cervical cancer, utilization of cervical cancer screening services and predictors of precancerous cervical changes among sexually active women in Lagos, Nigeria.
Cholera causes frequent outbreaks in Nigeria, resulting in mortality. In 2010 and 2011, 41,936 cases (case fatality rate [CFR]-4.1%) and 23,366 cases (CFR-3.2%) were reported (1). Reported cases in Nigeria by week 26, 2012 was 309 (CFR-1.29%) involving 20 Local Government Areas in 6 States. In Nigeria, there are currently eleven (11) States including Niger state at high risk for cholera/bloodless diarrhea outbreaks. In 2011, Niger state had 2472 cholera cases (CFR-2%) and 45,111 other diarrhea diseases cases, recorded in more than half of state Purpose of surveillance system is to ensure early detection of cholera and other diarrheal cases and to monitor trends towards evidencebased decision for management, prevention and control.
Objective:
To determine how the cholera and other diarrheal disease surveillance system in Niger state is meeting its surveillance objectives, to evaluate its performance and attributes and to describe its operation to make recommendations for improvement.
Nigeria is one of the three countries in the world with ongoing wild poliovirus (WPV) transmission, alongside Afghanistan and Pakistan. Nigeria also experiences outbreaks of circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2 (cVDPV2). Following the detection of WPV1 in northern Nigeria in 2016, after more than two years without WPV transmission, the country continues to implement an emergency response to the detected WPV1 and cVDPV2 strains. This resurgence of polio cases underscores the risk posee by low-level undetected transmission and the need to strengthen subnational surveillance. High quality acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) surveillance is essential to rapidly detect and respond to on-going polio transmission.
Objective:
We evaluated the Ebonyi state AFP surveillance system to assess its usefulness, performance and key system attributes.
Measles is a vaccine preventable, highly transmissible viral infection that affects mostly under-five year children. The disease is caused by a Morbillivirus; member of the Paramyxovirus family.
Objective:
We reviewed measles specific Integretaged Disease Surveillance and Response (IDSR) data from Nigeria over a five-year period to highlights its burden and trends, and make recommendations for improvements.
Ebola virus disease (EVD) is a severe illness that spread in the human population through human-to-human transmission. In the past, EVD outbreaks occurred in the rural communities of Africa, near tropical rainforests, but the most recent outbreak in West Africa has also involved major urban areas and big cities, with air travel playing an important role in its spread.On July 23, 2014, the EVD outbreak was declared in Nigeria following the confirmation of EVD in a traveller, who arrived acutely ill at the international airport in Lagos, South Western Nigeria from Liberia .The outbreak subsequently filtered to a South Southern Nigeria city, by a symptomatic contact who escaped surveillance in Lagos and flew to the South Southern city.
Objective
This study describes the epidemiological characteristics and the transmission dynamics of the EVD outbreak in a South-Southern city of Nigeria.
As of 2012, 3,400 000 million people (all ages) are living with HIV in Nigeria. The estimated new HIV infections is 260,000 and estimated AIDS death is 240,000.The reported number of adults on ART(Anti-retroviral treatment) was 459,465 and the ART coverage based on WHO guideline was 36%.The number of pregnant women living with HIV who received antiretroviral for preventing motherto-child –transmission was 33,323 and the percentage coverage was 17%. Enugu State has the highest prevalence (6.5%) of HIV/ AIDS in the South East and the fourth in Nigeria.To implement the commitments in the 2011 United Nations Political Declaration on HIV and AIDS and increase progress towards universal access to HIV prevention, treatment, care and support, Nigeria has developed the president’s Comprehensive Response Plan (PCRP). PCRP aims to bridge the current gap in service provision and funding. It assesses needs and gaps, identifies focus areas, and set targets for Prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT), ART and HIV Counseling and Testing (HCT) services. We determined the implementation of these preventive services by health care providers in Enugu State.
Objective
• To determine the percentage and trends of newly diagnosed HIV positive pregnant women
• To determine the percentage of pregnant women that are counseled tested with result.
• To determine the percentage and trend in the uptake ART among HIV positive pregnant women.
• To determine the average no of individual that are counseled and tested for HIV.
• To determine the average no of individual that are HIV positive
• To estimate the average no of individual currently on ART, newly started on ART and those enrolled into HIV care.
National Influenza Sentinel Surveillance (NISS) was established in Nigeria in 2006 to monitor influenza occurrence in humans in Nigeria and provide a foundation for detecting outbreaks of novel strains of influenza. Surveillance for influenza-like illness (ILI) and severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) is carried out in 4 sentinel sites. Specimens and epidemiological data are collected and transported 4 days a week from the sentinel sites to the National Influenza Reference Laboratory. At the laboratory, they are tested for influenza A and B viruses and further subtyped if positive for influenza A virus.
Objective
To assess the performance of the surveillance system and identify factors affecting the performance.
Evaluation of a public health surveillance system is one of the major outputs of the field attachment of the Nigeria Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Programme.To conduct this activity, the HIV/AIDS surveillance system in Enugu State, Nigeria was evaluated. The evaluation was conducted from February to March 2014.The objectives of the evaluation were to describe the attributes and process of operation of HIV/AIDS surveillance system in Enugu State, determine if the set objectives for establishing HIV/ AIDS surveillance are being met or not, determine the efficiency and effectiveness of the HIV/AIDS surveillance system and to make appropriate recommendations for improving the surveillance system.
Objective